What types of hepatitis have vaccines?

What is the vaccine for hepatitis A called?

The vaccine is given as an injection into the deltoid muscle of the arm. Both Havrix and Vaqta provide high level protection against hepatitis A. There is also a combination vaccine called hepatitis-b-hepatitis-a-vaccine injection (Twinrix) that protects against both hepatitis A and hepatitis B.

The virus can’t be transmitted through casual contact, such as sharing a cup or eating utensils with an infected person. Hugging, holding hands, and kissing also won’t spread it. You can’t catch the virus from someone with hepatitis C sneezing or coughing on you.

Hepatitis A vaccine is an inactivated (killed) vaccine. You will need 2 doses for long-lasting protection. These doses should be given at least 6 months apart. Children are routinely vaccinated between their first and second birthdays (12 through 23 months of age).

Hepatitis B signs and symptoms may include:

Abdominal pain.

Dark urine.

Fever.

Joint pain.

Loss of appetite.

Nausea and vomiting.

Weakness and fatigue.

Yellowing of your skin and the whites of your eyes (jaundice)

Viruses that primarily attack the liver are called hepatitis viruses. There are several types of hepatitis viruses including types A, B, C, D, E, and possibly G. Types A, B, and C are the most common. Viral hepatitis types B and C can cause chronic hepatitis.

But the diseases they cause are similar. Hepatitis brings liver inflammation, and it can be serious or even life-threatening. There are safe and effective vaccines that can prevent hepatitis A and B (but not for types C, D, or E). There is also a combination vaccine that guards against hep A and B.

The benchmark of Hepatitis C treatment, a sustained virologic response (SVR) is as close as we can get to a cure for this disease. SVR is declared if the person’s viral load is non-detectable six months after administration of the last dose of Hepatitis C medication. SVR means the virus is probably permanently gone.

Studies indicate that immunologic memory remains intact for at least 20 years among healthy vaccinated individuals who initiated hepatitis B vaccination >6 months of age. The vaccine confers long-term protection against clinical illness and chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

The vaccine is given as an injection into the deltoid muscle of the arm. Both Havrix and Vaqta provide high level protection against hepatitis A. There is also a combination vaccine called hepatitis-b-hepatitis-a-vaccine injection (Twinrix) that protects against both hepatitis A and hepatitis B.

A hepatitis C vaccine, a vaccine capable of protecting against hepatitis C, is not available. Although vaccines exist for hepatitis A and hepatitis B, development of a hepatitis C vaccine has presented challenges. No vaccine is currently available, but several vaccines are currently under development.

Hepatitis B (HBV) is 50 to 100 times easier to transmit sexually than HIV ( the virus that causes AIDS). HBV has been found in vaginal secretions, saliva, and semen. Oral sex and especially anal sex, whether it occurs in a heterosexual or homosexual context, are possible ways of transmitting the virus.

Chronic hepatitis B infection was associated with higher liver-related mortality. Chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C virus infections are both potentially fatal conditions, but few head-to-head comparisons of clinical outcomes have been attempted.

The vaccine gives up to 12 months of protection against hepatitis A and 3 years against typhoid. You can get a booster injection for hepatitis A after 6 to 12 months which will then give up to 20 years of protection. For ongoing protection against typhoid you will need an injection every three years.

All children and adolescents younger than 19 years of age who have not yet gotten the vaccine should also be vaccinated. Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for unvaccinated adults who are at risk for hepatitis B virus infection, including: People whose sex partners have hepatitis B.

Treatment

Bed rest, abstaining from alcohol, and taking medication to help relieve symptoms. Most people who have hepatitis A and E get well on their own after a few weeks.

Hepatitis B is treated with drugs, such as lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil.

Liver transplant of hepatitis B or C, or D-caused liver failure.

If you were recently exposed to hepatitis A virus and have not been vaccinated against hepatitis A, you might benefit from an injection of either immune globulin or hepatitis A vaccine. However, the vaccine or immune globulin are only effective if given within the first 2 weeks after exposure.

Hepatitis A occurs worldwide but is more common in regions with poor sanitation and lack of safe food and water. Regions where there is a high risk of hepatitis A transmission include Africa, Asia and Central and South America.

48 states and DC require varicella (chickenpox) vaccination (Montana and Pennsylvania do not); and 45 states and DC require hepatitis B vaccination (Alabama, Maine, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota do not) to enter kindergarten. Some states require Hib, PCV, flu, and Hep A vaccines to enter kindergarten.

Chronic hepatitis B is not curable, but it is treatable. Treatment can help to prevent cirrhosis, liver failure and liver cancer by reducing hepatitis B viral load and the loss of HBeAg (either with or without detection of anti-HBe) while improving liver enzyme levels.

People with HBV often develop hepatitis D (HDV), which is spread through contaminated blood products and unprotected sex with an infected person. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is found in underdeveloped areas of the world and is spread by the fecal/oral route. HEV causes acute hepatitis, which usually goes away on its own.

Hepatitis B is incurable. A safe, effective vaccine has been available since the 1980s. A three-shot series will protect and contribute to the elimination of this highly infectious disease. Up to 1.4 million Americans have chronic HBV infection.

Originally posted 2022-03-31 02:26:46.